Tam sim no, European photovoltaic manufacturing kev lag luam yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev mus rau rejuvenation. John Lindahl, Tus Tuav Ntaub Ntawv -General ntawm European Solar Manufacturing Council, tau tshuaj xyuas cov teeb meem thiab cov hauv kev ntsib los ntawm European photovoltaic manufacturers thiab tshawb nrhiav yuav ua li cas los tsim ib lub hom phiaj rau kev ua tiav kev lag luam photovoltaic saw ntawm 100GW los ntawm 2030. .
In 2021, Meyer Burger's 400MW solar module line was officially launched. By 2022, its battery line will expand to 1.4GW, and its module line will expand to 1GW. The final annual production target is 5GW.
While Europe remains one of the world's largest PV installation markets, its once-booming PV manufacturing industry was stalled about a decade ago by rapidly rising Asian rivals.
In 2021, the EU reached an agreement on climate targets to cut net carbon emissions by 55 percent by 2030. At the same time, with the continuous improvement of the level of solar energy utilization and the increasingly prominent issue of sustainable development, in the past few years, the call for reviving the EU's photovoltaic manufacturing capacity has become more and more loud. Perhaps, 2022 will give the answer.
In April last year, the European Solar Manufacturing Council (ESMC) said that at least 75 percent of Europe's PV demand should be produced in Europe. However, according to data released by the Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems (ISE) in its 2021 Photovoltaic Report, although European polysilicon production capacity is 22.1GW in 2020, solar wafer production capacity is only 1.25GW, and solar cell production capacity is only 1.25GW. It is 650MW, and the solar module capacity is 6.75GW. Therefore, there is still a long way to go to realize the revival of the EU photovoltaic manufacturing industry.
Hauv qab no yog kev tshuaj xyuas los ntawm Johan Lindahl, Tus Tuav Ntaub Ntawv ntawm European Solar Manufacturing Council ESMC, ntawm lub xeev tam sim no ntawm PV txoj kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv Europe, cov kev cov nyom thiab cov cib fim ntsib PV manufacturers, thiab txheeb xyuas cov kev npaj ua kom tiav GW-scale peev.
1. Kev sib tw:
1) China's intangible and extensive grants, loans, credits and tax support;
2) Pom tseeb thiab nthuav dav kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Asmeskas thiab Is Nrias teb;
3) Kev xa tawm ntawm EU photovoltaic innovation thev naus laus zis hauv kev lag luam hauv zos yog txwv, thiab cov tswv cuab kev txawj ntse thiab patents tsis muaj kev tiv thaiv zoo hauv EU sab nrauv lag luam;
4) European photovoltaic kev tsim khoom thiab cov qauv kev ua haujlwm nruj, tab sis tsis muaj cov qauv sib xws hauv EU sab nrauv lag luam;
5) Muaj peev xwm ntau dua PV module tus nqi thiab cov teeb meem ntawm cov saw hlau yog qhov teeb meem ntawm cov qauv.
2. Cov Sijhawm:
1) European PV industry production becomes cost-competitive. The price difference between European and Asian products has narrowed due to the current significant increase in production and shipping costs and delivery times for Asian products. For European PV manufacturing to be price-competitive, two conditions must exist, namely GW-scale manufacturing capacity; and a complete European manufacturing value chain. The EU needs to keep the value chain intact to meet at least part of our needs that don't need to be imported, despite the fact that imports are of course still an important factor.
2) Tebchaws Europe tseem yog thawj coj hauv PV thev naus laus zis kev tsim kho tshiab, tab sis tsuas yog yog tias muaj kev tsim khoom lag luam tseem muaj nyob. Lub hnub ci vaj huam sib luag aluminium back surface technology (Al BSF) muaj kev hloov dua siab tshiab ntawm 18-22 feem pua thiab tam sim no tau hloov los ntawm PERC thev naus laus zis thiab nws cov thev naus laus zis thev naus laus zis, uas ua rau lub hnub ci kev ua haujlwm tau ncav cuag 20{{6} }24 feem pua , thaum cov kab ntau lawm hloov kho tus nqi Nruab Nrab. Raws li heterojunction (HJT) lossis TOPCon thev naus laus zis, lub cim thib peb ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab -cov cell photovoltaic yuav ua tiav 23-26 feem pua kev ua tau zoo. Tam sim no, nws cov nqi tsim khoom yog tib yam li PERC hlwb, ob qho tib si ntawm 20-30 xees / Wp. Cov roj teeb uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tso cai rau kev sib tw lossis txawm tias tus nqi hluav taws xob qis dua txawm tias muaj nqi ntau dua. Nyob rau yav tom ntej, tej zaum yuav muaj kev txhim kho thev naus laus zis ntxiv, xws li perovskite-silicon tandem hlwb nrog kev ua tau zoo tshaj 30 feem pua. Cov kev vam meej thev naus laus zis no tseem tab tom coj txoj hauv kev hauv Tebchaws Europe, ua rau txoj hauv kev rau kev xa tawm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm terawatt-scale PV.
3) Lub sijhawm ntev - txoj cai tswjfwm kev tsim kho lub sijhawm rau lub zog tauj dua tshiab hauv Tebchaws Europe tau tsim. European Green Deal thiab nthwv dej ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab tau tsim kev ntseeg siab rau cov tub ua lag luam thiab cov tsim tawm.
4) The emergence of sustainable, carbon-neutral eco-design concepts and specific standards under consideration, including recently announced measures to address distortions in foreign subsidies in the EU market, are the driving force behind the EU's transition to a green and innovative energy system and economy. Growing customer concerns about carbon footprints will have a structural impact on PV manufacturing. Compared to current Asian products, using PV modules produced in Europe reduces carbon consumption, avoids long-distance transportation, and better eco-design parameters. The importance of this aspect will increase over the next few years.
5) Cov kev xa tawm tshiab siv cov tswv yim photovoltaic rau hauv kev sib koom ua ke ua rau European photovoltaic manufacturing kom paub txog qhov muaj peev xwm sib tw. Ntau yam kev daws teeb meem tshiab tau tsim thiab loj hlob sai hauv ntau qhov chaw, suav nrog Lub Tsev ntxiv rau Photovoltaic (BIPV), Tsheb ntxiv rau Photovoltaic (VIPV), Floating Body ntxiv rau Photovoltaic (FPV) thiab Kev Ua Liaj Ua Teb ntxiv rau Photovoltaic (APV). European PV tuam ntxhab tuaj yeem tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm cov kev xav tau tshwj xeeb hauv European thiab hauv zos, vim tias kev sib xyaw ua ke yuav tsum muaj kev daws teeb meem ntau dua.
3. Qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm lub ntiaj teb no muaj peev xwm ntawm European photovoltaic kev lag luam nyob rau hauv txhua qhov txuas ntawm kev lag luam saw nyob rau hauv 2020 yog raws li nram no:
1. 11 feem pua ntawm thoob ntiaj teb PV silicon ntau lawm: 22.1GW muaj peev xwm (Elkem thiab Wacker)
2. 1 feem pua ntawm ntiaj teb no PV silicon solar wafer ntau lawm: 1.25GW muaj peev xwm (Norsun, Norwegian Crystals thiab EDF Photowatt)
3. 0.4 feem pua ntawm lub ntiaj teb photovoltaic silicon cell ntau lawm: 0.65GW muaj peev xwm (Solitek/Valoe, Enel, Ecosolifer)
4. 3 feem pua ntawm cov khoom siv thoob ntiaj teb: 6.75GW muaj peev xwm (29 lub tuam txhab sib txawv)
5. 25 feem pua ntawm cov zis inverter.
In the above scenario, Europe's installed PV capacity in 2020 accounts for 15 percent of the global total. Therefore, if Europe wants to become self-reliant, it needs to step up the production of wafers, cells and modules.
Currently, Europe has a very negative trade deficit in photovoltaic cells and modules. The table below shows the total value of import and export trade of photosensitive semiconductor devices (including photovoltaic cells assembled into modules or panels) and light-emitting diodes in Europe.
与此原文有关的更多信息要查看其他翻译信息,您必须输入相应原文
发送反