Vim tias muaj peev xwm txhim kho thiab txo tus nqi, lub ru tsev hnub ci photovoltaic thev naus laus zis (xws li ru tsev solar cell modules siv hauv tsev, kev lag luam thiab cov tsev lag luam) tau dhau los ua lub zog tsim hluav taws xob sai tshaj plaws. Raws li tsab ntawv ceeb toom tshiab, nws tau kwv yees tias los ntawm 2050, photovoltaic technology tuaj yeem ua tau raws li 25-49% ntawm kev thov hluav taws xob thoob ntiaj teb.
Txawm hais tias qhov kev cia siab no, kev ntsuas thoob ntiaj teb ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm thiab cov nqi cuam tshuam ntawm cov cuab yeej siv no tseem yog qhov nyuaj, thiab daim ntawv tshaj tawm tshiab sim ua kom tiav qhov kev sib tw no.
Pab neeg tshawb fawb, suav nrog tus thawj coj sau ntawv Siddharth Joshi, nrog rau cov npoj yaig los ntawm University College Cork (UCC), xibfwb Brian Ó Gallachóir, Dr. Paul Holloway, thiab cov npoj yaig los ntawm Imperial College London, Columbia University, thiab Ahmedabad University, ntsuas lub ntiaj teb lub peev xwm. thiab cuam tshuam cov nqi ntawm lub ru tsev hnub ci photovoltaic fais fab tuag. Tus kws sau ntawv tau kos duab thaj chaw thoob ntiaj teb ntawm 130 lab square kilometers, siv lub tshuab kawm tshiab algorithm los txiav txim siab lub ru tsev cheeb tsam ntawm 200,000 square kilometers, thiab tom qab ntawd txheeb xyuas cov cheeb tsam ru tsev no kom muaj nuj nqis thoob ntiaj teb kev tsim hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ntawm ru tsev hnub ci photovoltaic fais fab tuag.
Cov kws sau ntawv pom tias tus nqi ntawm US $ 40-280 ib MWh tuaj yeem ua tiav lub peev xwm thoob ntiaj teb ntawm 27PWh ib xyoos. Asia, North America thiab Europe muaj peev xwm tsim hluav taws xob loj tshaj plaws. Ntawm lawv, Is Nrias teb muaj tus nqi qis tshaj plaws kom paub txog lub peev xwm ntawm hluav taws xob ntawm US $ 66 toj ib MWh thiab Tuam Tshoj ntawm US $ 68 ib MWh, thaum lub tebchaws United Kingdom thiab Tebchaws Meskas yog ib lub tebchaws uas muaj nqi tshaj plaws. Tus kws sau ntawv ntseeg tias lub zog tsim hluav taws xob muaj peev xwm ntawm lub tsev hnub ci modules tshaj li tag nrho lub ntiaj teb kev siv hluav taws xob txhua xyoo hauv 2018. Txawm li cas los xij, nws lub peev xwm yav tom ntej yuav nyob ntawm qhov kev txhim kho thiab tus nqi ntawm cov kev daws teeb meem.
UCC tus kws tshawb fawb Siddharth Joshi tau hais tias:" Thawj zaug, peb tau ua ke cov ntaub ntawv loj, kev kawm tshuab thiab cov ntaub ntawv hauv cheeb tsam los tshuaj xyuas cov yam ntxwv ntawm qhov chaw thiab lub cev ntawm lub ntiaj teb ru tsev photovoltaics nrog qhov tseeb dua. Qhov kev tshawb fawb no yuav pab txhim kho lub ntiaj teb lub zog ntawm lub hnub ci photovoltaics ru tsev. Kev sawv cev hauv qhov system."
Cov kws sau ntawv xaus lus tias lawv qhov kev tshawb pom yuav muaj kev cuam tshuam tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho kom ruaj khov thiab siv zog los txo cov kev hloov pauv huab cua. Thoob plaws ntiaj teb, muaj ze li ntawm 800 lab tus tib neeg tsis muaj hluav taws xob hauv xyoo 2018, thiab lawv feem ntau nyob hauv cov nroog nyob deb nroog.
Co-sau xibfwb Brian Ó Gallachóir tau hais tias:" Lub peev xwm ntawm lub hnub ci ntsa iab kom ncav cuag 27PWh yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Hauv kev sib piv, hauv 2019, tag nrho cov hluav taws xob siv ntawm txhua tsev neeg hauv ntiaj teb yog 6PWh. Lub hlis tom ntej, UK yuav tuav lub Rooj Sib Tham Thoob Ntiaj Teb Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Nyab Xeeb Cov txiaj ntsig no tau raws sijhawm. Rooftop hnub ci photovoltaic lub zog tsim hluav taws xob tsis tsuas yog pab txo qis emissions, tab sis kuj tso cai rau cov tswv tsev tuaj yeem koom ncaj qha rau hauv lub zog hloov pauv."
Tus kws sau ntawv laus Dr. James Glynn tau tawm tswv yim:" Cov ntaub ntawv pej xeem tsim los ntawm txoj kev tshawb no tuaj yeem pab txheeb xyuas, nrhiav thiab saib xyuas qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev nqis peev hauv xoom-carbon fais fab. Los ntawm kev teeb tsa lub ntiaj teb lub hnub ci photovoltaic rooftop muaj peev xwm daim duab qhia chaw, tsim lub teb chaws 'Development banks thiab lub zog cov koom haum tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov cuab yeej no hauv kev txhawb nqa kev nyab xeeb, kev nkag mus rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pheej yig thiab lwm qhov chaw tsim kho kom ruaj khov."
Dr. Shivika Mittal, Tus Pabcuam Kev Tshawb Fawb Txog Lub Zog thiab Kev Ntsuas Kev Ntsuas Tus Qauv ntawm Grantham Institute ntawm Imperial College London, tau hais tias, "Nyob rau hauv kaum xyoo dhau los, tus nqi tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hnub ci ru tsev modules tau poob qis heev. Peb cov ntaub ntawv tshiab yuav pab tsoomfwv, cov koom haum, thiab cov tuam txhab txheeb xyuas lub hnub ci lub zog qhov kub.', lawv tuaj yeem tsim kev nqis peev tshiab rau cov hotspots no, uas yuav pab ua kom lub zog siv lub hnub ci."
Cov kws tshawb fawb no los ntawm UCC University' s SFI Zog, Kev Nyab Xeeb thiab Dej Hiav Txwv Tshawb Fawb Chaw MaREI lub koom haum koom tes nrog cov koom tes tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb thiab luam tawm lawv cov txiaj ntsig kev tshawb fawb hauv phau ntawv Journal Nature Communications.